It was the three-time champion's sixth victory at the Circuit Gilles Villeneuve – where he claimed his maiden triumph in 2007 – as well as his third this season and the 56th of his career.
Hamilton took full advantage of his 65th pole position and led from lights to flag to finish 15 seconds clear of Finn Bottas who, in turn, was 15 seconds ahead of third-placed Australian Daniel Ricciardo of Red Bull.
"A big thank you to this crowd," said Hamilton from the podium where the actor Patrick Stewart served as interviewer. "Every year the energy grows! I had my first pole here and my first win here and to repeat it is incredibly special.
